Mushafs in the Marketplace and the Library

Mushafs were not bought or sold, and that a man would fetch his own parchments to the pulpit and ask for volunteering scribes. The majority of scholars disliked the idea of paid copying and of introducing Mushafs as a marketplace commodity. A more altruistic trend was the public library. Mujahid (20-103 A.H.) reports that Ibn… Read More Mushafs in the Marketplace and the Library

Imam Ali (a.s.), Intellect al-‘aql, Spirit al-ruh, and Spiritual Commentary ta’wil

To begin with the first, one must assert at the outset that everything about the Imam’s life and his teachings is centred on the Qur’anic revelation and its embodiment in the Prophet’s conduct. [Imam] Ali’s refusal to stop short at the superficial surface of things – religious, ethical, political – manifested an unflinching fidelity to… Read More Imam Ali (a.s.), Intellect al-‘aql, Spirit al-ruh, and Spiritual Commentary ta’wil